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ART-PAINTING STYLES OF RAJASTHAN
Published on August 3, 2021 by Just Prep Raj |
Last Updated on March 15, 2023 by Just Prep Raj
INTRODUCTION
Painting is a powerful medium of expressing inner feeling and thoughts of human beings. It signifies the prevalent social belief and culture of the contemporary period.Beginning of Rajasthani art of painting took place in between 10th to 15th century in Mewar. The grandeur of Rajasthani painting was first highlighted through a book ‘Rajput Painting’ written by Shri Anand Kumar Swami. Shri Besligre recognized the name of ‘Rajput Painting’ as an apt representative of Rajasthani art.Books like Aaghaniryukti Vriti and Dashvaikalik Sutra Churni dated Vikram Samvat 1117 and 1160 are stored in Jaisalmer. These are prominent work in the field of Indian art.STYLES OF RAJASTHANI PAINTINGS
MEWAR SCHOOL – Nathdwara, Devgarh, Udaipur, Savar, Bengu, Bagaur, Kelwa sub-styles.- Udaipur Sub-style
- ‘Shraavak Pratikramansutra Churni’ was first such work of this style developed in 1260 A.D during the rule of Maharaj Tej Singh.
- Golden period of Mewar style is during the reign of Maharana Jagat Singh I. An amalgamation of Mughal and Mewar style was seen. Some famous work involves: Raagmala (1628 AD), Rasik Priya (1628-30 AD), Ramayan (1649 AD). He also built factory of paintings by the name ‘Chitoron ki Ovari’.
- Supasana Charyam (1422-23 AD) and Kalpsutra (1526 AD)
- During reign of Mharaja Raj Singh (1652-1680), paintings were created based on the stories of Kadambari, Panchatantra and Malti-Madhav.
- Paintings based upon Bihari Satsai, Prithviraj Raso, Durga Saptshati and Bhakt-Ratnavali.
- Famous work of Nuruddin ‘Kaliya Daman’ was crafted during the period Maharana Sangram Singh II.
- Nathdwara Sub-Style
- Devgarh Sub-Style
MARWAR SCHOOL – Bikaner, Jodhpur, Ajmer, Kishangarh, Nagaur, Sirohi, Jaisalmer, Ghanerav, Junian
- Jodhpur Sub -Style
- Paintings of Dhola-Maru, Ujali-Jethva, Mumalde-Nihalde, Roopmati-Baajbahadur.
- Jodhpur style got recognized independently during the period of Rao Maldev. It includes a famous painting on Uttaradhyayan Sutra (1500 AD) which is now found in Vadodara Museum in Gujarat. Most of the paintings based on objects related to mythological tales.
- Further development took place during the reign of Ajeet Singh (1707 AD), paintings on Rasikpriya, Geet Govind, view of royal palace and hunting were made.
- Maharaja Man Singh (1803AD) was the last key supporter of this style and therefore work found during his period involved well-structured male and female figures, ornaments and turban, shield and swords. It also captured on the masculinity and lavishness of royal people.
- Bikaner Sub-Style
- The earliest painting was ‘Bhagwat Puran’ made during Maharaja Rai Singh’s times.
- It blossomed mainly during the period of Maharaja Anoop Singh. He was a great patron of art.
- Hisamuddin Usta performed ‘Usta Art’ on camel skin which still exists today. His descendants do ‘Meenakari work’ on camel skin.
- Popular art reviewer Herman Goetz has contributed a lot in conserving this style.
- Shri Anand Kumar Swami has applauded Bikaneri painting style in his books.
- Kishangarh Sub-Style
- It began during the period of Raja Roop Singh.
- Sawant Singh was an enthusiast of the art. He came to be known as Nagari Das. His beloved Bani-Thani and theme based on Vaishnav Dharma were main idea of the paintings.
- An eminent painter Mordhwaj and Nihal Chand used to write his name in the bottom of the painting in Persian language. His famous work was ‘Bani-Thani’.
- This style was recognized by Eric Dickinson and Dr Faiyaaz Ali.
- Ajmer Sub-Style